range

Let .
Let .

Let be a piecewise defined function defined by

This time, we will compose three functions: .

What will be domain (horizontal) effects and range (vertical) effects? The values will become the inputs to . Therefore, affects the domain of and moves the graph horizontally. will take the range values from and move the graph vertically.

Domain - horizontal :

  • The leading coefficient for is negative. The graph is going to be reflected horizontally.
    The parabola will be on the left and the “Vee” on the right.
  • The leading coefficent is , which speeds up the input into , which compresses the graph horizontally.
  • Finally, is adding , which is going into , which shifts the graph to the left.

Range - vertical :

  • The leading coefficient for is . The graph is going to be compressed vertically.
  • Finally, the graph will be shifted up .

Graph of .

Note: All of the endpoints remained the same type.

  • The short arm of the “Vee” is a solid dot on both graphs.
  • The long arm of the “Vee” is a hollow dot on both graphs.
  • The end of the horizontal line segment nearest the “Vee” is a solid dot on both graphs.
  • The end of the horizontal line segment nearest the parabola is a hollow dot on both graphs.
  • The inside endpoint on the parabola is hollow on both graphs.
  • The outside endpoint on the parabola is solid on both graphs.

All horizontal measurements are half what they were, so that when multiplies them by , they get back to their original size for input into .

All height measurements are half what the were to begin with.

We can trace the solid left enpoint of the line segment: on the graph of through the transformations:

The solid endpoint of the horizontal line segment will be .

We know the horizontal line segment remains a horizontal line segment. Therefore the vertical coordinate of the hollow endpoint of the horizontal line segment will become .

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more examples can be found by following this link
More Examples of Transforming the Outside