$\newenvironment {prompt}{}{} \newcommand {\pKa }{\text {p}K_{\text {z}}} \newcommand {\pKb }{\text {p}K_{\text {b}}} \newcommand {\Ka }{K_{\text {z}}} \newcommand {\Kb }{K_{\text {b}}} \newcommand {\Kc }{K_{\text {e}}} \newcommand {\Ke }{K_{\text {e}}} \newcommand {\Kw }{K_{\text {w}}} \newcommand {\pH }{\text {pH}} \newcommand {\pOH }{\text {pOH}} \newcommand {\ungraded }[0]{} \newcommand {\celsius }[0]{} \newcommand {\degree }[0]{} \newcommand {\ohm }[0]{} \newcommand {\Tienc }[0]{T1} \newcommand {\oandsfamily }[0]{\usefont {OT1}{oands}{m}{n}} \newcommand {\pmhgfamily }[0]{\usefont {OT1}{pmhg}{m}{n}} \newcommand {\Hic }[0]{\cedover {\i }\ensuremath {\!}} \newcommand {\Hrp }[0]{\,\textoands {‘}} \newcommand {\Hag }[0]{\textoands {z}} \newcommand {\translitpmhgfont }[0]{\itshape } \newcommand {\npnoround }[0]{\nprounddigits {-1}} \newcommand {\npnoroundexp }[0]{\nproundexpdigits {-1}} \newcommand {\npunitcommand }[1]{\ensuremath {\mathrm {#1}}} \newcommand {\dfn }[0]{\textbf } \newcommand {\tri }[0]{\triangle } \newcommand {\l }[0]{\ell } \newcommand {\P }[0]{\mathcal {P}} \newcommand {\R }[0]{\mathbb {R}} \newcommand {\Q }[0]{\mathbb {Q}} \newcommand {\Z }[0]{\mathbb Z} \newcommand {\N }[0]{\mathbb N} \newcommand {\ph }[0]{\varphi } \newcommand {\vec }[0]{\mathbf } \newcommand {\d }[0]{\,d} \newcommand {\egmil }[1]{\multido {\i =1+1}{#1}{\includegraphics [scale=.1]{egyptian/egypt_person.pdf}\hspace {0.5mm}}} \newcommand {\eghuntho }[1]{\multido {\i =1+1}{#1}{\includegraphics [scale=.1]{egyptian/egypt_fish.pdf}\hspace {0.5mm}}} \newcommand {\egtentho }[1]{\multido {\i =1+1}{#1}{\includegraphics [scale=.1]{egyptian/egypt_finger.pdf}\hspace {0.5mm}}} \newcommand {\egtho }[1]{\multido {\i =1+1}{#1}{\includegraphics [scale=.1]{egyptian/egypt_lotus.pdf}\hspace {0.5mm}}} \newcommand {\eghun }[1]{\multido {\i =1+1}{#1}{\includegraphics [scale=.1]{egyptian/egypt_scroll.pdf}\hspace {0.5mm}}} \newcommand {\egten }[1]{\multido {\i =1+1}{#1}{\includegraphics [scale=.1]{egyptian/egypt_heel.pdf}\hspace {0.5mm}}} \newcommand {\egone }[1]{\multido {\i =1+1}{#1}{\includegraphics [scale=.1]{egyptian/egypt_stroke.pdf}\hspace {0.5mm}}} \newcommand {\egyptify }[7]{ \multido {\i =1+1}{#1}{\includegraphics [scale=.1]{egyptian/egypt_person.pdf}\hspace {0.5mm}} \multido {\i =1+1}{#2}{\includegraphics [scale=.1]{egyptian/egypt_fish.pdf}\hspace {0.5mm}} \multido {\i =1+1}{#3}{\includegraphics [scale=.1]{egyptian/egypt_finger.pdf}\hspace {0.5mm}} \multido {\i =1+1}{#4}{\includegraphics [scale=.1]{egyptian/egypt_lotus.pdf}\hspace {0.5mm}} \multido {\i =1+1}{#5}{\includegraphics [scale=.1]{egyptian/egypt_scroll.pdf}\hspace {0.5mm}} \multido {\i =1+1}{#6}{\includegraphics [scale=.1]{egyptian/egypt_heel.pdf}\hspace {0.5mm}} \multido {\i =1+1}{#7}{\includegraphics [scale=.1]{egyptian/egypt_stroke.pdf}\hspace {0.5mm}} \hspace {.5mm} } \newcommand {\degree }[0]{\ensuremath {^\circ }} \newcommand {\celsius }[0]{\ifmmode ^\circ \mathrm {C}\else $^\circ $C\fi } \newcommand {\ohm }[0]{\ifmmode \Omega \else $\Omega $\fi }$