We summarize the notation to keep track of the precise row operations being used.

In the process of putting the ACM into reduced row echelon form, it is often desirable to keep track of the precise row operations being used. For this, some notation is useful. The following summarizes the notation we use in this course.
Type I operation

What it does: switches and rows.

Indicated by:

Type II operation

What it does: multiplies row by .

Indicated by:

Type III operation

What it does: adds times the row to the row

Indicated by: or “ added to

In the following exercises, fill in the blank with the indicated row operation needed to produce the matrix on the right from the matrix on the left.